Objective To search and summarize the best evidence for the prevention and control of multidrug-resistant organism infection in adult ICUs，and to provide evidence-based basis for clinical standard control. Methods We systematically searched relevant guideline websites and professional association websites，UpToDate，BMJ best practice，National Institute for Health and Care Excellence，National Guidelines Clearinghouse，Registered Nurses’ Association of Ontario，Yimaitong，the Cochrane Library，Embase，PubMed，Web of Science，CNKI，Wanfang，VIP and SinoMed to collect all the clinical guidelines，system reviews，expert consensuses，evidence summaries and original research related to prevention and control of multidrug-resistant organism infection in adult intensive care units. The search period was from the establishment of the database to April 30，2023. 2 researchers independently conducted the literature quality evaluation and data extraction. Results A total of 19 articles were included，including 1 guideline，8 expert consensuses，1 expert opinion，2 systematic evaluations，and 7 original studies. Ultimately，10 evidence themes and 41 pieces of best evidence were formed，including risk factors，hand hygiene，decolonization，active monitoring，equipment related strategies，contact protection，patient isolation，environmental cleaning，personnel training management supervision，and multidisciplinary collaborative management. Conclusion This study summarizes 41 pieces of best evidence for the prevention and control of multidrug-resistant organism infections in adult ICUs，which can provide resource preparation for clinical transformation and clinical decision-making basis for nursing staff to conduct scientific and effective nursing practices. Specialized nursing staff should reasonably select the best evidence for localized application，continuously update the best evidence，standardize nursing practices，and improve nursing quality.

Objective To investigate the current social network status of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus（GDM） and analyze the influencing factors to provide a reference for improving the health status of pregnant women with GDM. Methods The convenience sampling method was used. 315 pregnant women with GDM from 4 tertiary hospitals in Qingdao City were selected as study respondents from June to October 2022. The General Condition Questionnaire，Name Generator Questionnaire，and Self-Management Ability Questionnaire for Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus were used to conduct the survey. Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of the social network of GDM pregnant women. Results 306 valid questionnaires were collected. The size of the structural network of the social network of pregnant women with GDM was（8.24±1.81） persons，and the size of the functional network was（11.90±2.39） persons. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that in the structural network of the pregnant women with GDM，the score of self-management level，age，economic activity，and education level were the influencing factors（P<0.05）. In the functional network，the place of residence，age，and public welfare activities were the influencing factors（P<0.05）. Conclusion The overall social network level of pregnant women with GDM is intermediate. Nursing clinical work should focus on the blood glucose management of young pregnant women who have low education，live in rural areas，have insufficient self-management levels，and have low participation in social activities，and at the same time，help this kind of pregnant women to improve the ability of acquiring and utilizing the social network and social support.

To summarize the perinatal nursing of a case of Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome complicated with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. The key points of nursing include personalized prenatal guidance and emergency cesarean section for fetal distress；maintaining intraoperative fluid balance during delivery and assisting in rescuing newborns with asphyxia；postpartum maintenance of dynamic balance of bleeding and thrombosis，and separation of mother and infant care. After careful perinatal treatment and nursing，the mother and baby were discharged from the hospital in a stable condition. The prognosis of the mother and baby was good after 1 month follow-up after discharge.

Objective To develop an illness perception scale for gout patients，and to test its reliability and validity. Methods With the Common-Sense Model of Self-Regulation（CSM） as the conceptual framework，the initial scale was developed through literature analysis，qualitative interviews，and expert consultations. A questionnaire survey was conducted on 799 patients with gout who were treated or reviewed in a gout clinical medical center in Shandong Province from January 2021 to May 2021 to screen the items of the scale and test the reliability and validity of the scale. Results The illness perception scale for gout patients included 46 items in 6 dimensions. The exploratory factor analysis extracted 6 common factors with the cumulative variance contribution rate of 56.297%. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the scale factor structure was stable. The item-level content validity index ranged from 0.865 to 1.000；the scale-level content validity index was 0.957. In the criterion-related validity analysis，the total score of the scale was positively correlated with the total score of the calibration scale（r=0.446，P<0.01）. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient，split-half reliability and test-retest reliability of the scale were 0.941，0.784 and 0.965，respectively. Conclusion The illness perception scale for gout patients has good reliability and validity，which is suitable to evaluate the illness perception of gout patients.

Objective To sinicize Tyndall-Bailey Falls Risk Assessment Tool For ICU （ICU-FRAT） and test its reliability and validity. Methods Based on Brislin model，the original scale was translated，back-translated，checked and translated，cultural adjusted and pretest to form the Chinese version of ICU-FRAT. A total of 200 ICU patients from 3 hospitals in Nanjing from March to May 2022 were investigated by convenience sampling to evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale. Results The Chinese version of ICU-FRAT has a total of 10 items，with item level content validity index of 0.83 to 1.00，overall consistency level content validity index of 0.90，and average level content validity index of 0.98. After exploratory factor analysis，3 common factors were extracted，and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 79.32%. Confirmatory factor analysis suggested that each test quantity of scale model fit was within an acceptable range. The Cronbach’s α coefficient of the total scale was 0.857；the Cronbach’s α coefficient of each item ranged from 0.830 to 0.867；the half reliability was 0.838. Conclusion The Chinese version of the ICU-FRAT has good reliability and validity，and it can be used to assess the risk of falls in ICU patients.

Objective We aimed to establish an evaluation index system for health literacy among gestational diabetes mellitus（GDM） patients. As a theoretical basis，this system can be applied by the clinical nurses to carry out targeted health guidance among GDM patients and to evaluate health literacy level. Methods Initial indexes were generated through the literature review and semi-structured interviews. 2 rounds of expert consultations and analytic hierarchy process were conducted to establish the evaluation index for health literacy among GDM patients. The convenience sampling method was used to select 15 GDM patients and 15 obstetric medical staff members from a tertiary A hospital in Qingdao as the research subjects in March 2022，and the application effect of the constructed evaluation index system was preliminarily verified by semi-structured interviews. Results The response rates of the 2 rounds of expert consultations are 100% and 94.74%. The expert authority coefficients are 0.924 and 0.942，respectively. The Kendall harmony coefficients of the 2 rounds of expert consultations are 0.123~0.154 and 0.312~0.327（P<0.01）. As a result，we built up an evaluation index system of health literacy which comprised 7 first-level indexes，49 second-level indexes for GDM patients. 86.7% of GDM patients thought that the content of index system was clear，easy to understand，and instructive for daily self-management. 100% of obstetric medical staff were satisfied with the index system，and thought that the content was comprehensive，professional，with applicability and necessity of application. Conclusion The evaluation index system for health literacy among GDM patients is reasonable，scientific and reliable. The index content is specialized and specific，in line with the physical and psychological characteristics of GDM patients.

Objective To explore the potential categories and influencing factors of weight management behavior of pregnant women，and to provide references for the development of prenatal health education. Methods A total of 430 pregnant women who attended obstetric clinics in 5 hospitals in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region from December 2021 to February 2022 were selected as survey subjects by convenience sampling method. The survey was conducted by general data questionnaire and weight management behavior part of the weight management knowledge and practice questionnaire for pregnant women. The potential categories of behavioral characteristics of weight management during pregnancy were analyzed，and the influencing factors of the potential categories were identified by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results The behavioral characteristics of weight management during pregnancy were divided into 4 potential categories，including a higher weight management behavior group with 92 cases（21.85%），a moderate weight management behavior and rational exercise nutrition group with 89 cases（21.14%），a moderate weight management behavior and unreasonable exercise nutrition group with 200 cases（47.51%），and a lower weight management behavior group with 40 cases（9.50%）. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that educational level，gestational number，hospital type，planned pregnancy，marital status，diet care-giver during pregnancy，and participation in nutrition and weight management courses during pregnancy were the factors influencing the behavioral characteristics of weight management of pregnant women（P< 0.05）. Conclusion The weight management behavior of pregnant women has obvious classification characteristics. Medical staff should carry out targeted prenatal health education according to the pregnant women with different weight management behavior characteristics，improve their weight self-management level，and promote maternal and child health.

To summarize perioperative nursing care in a case with acute left heart failure caused by giant ball thrombus blocking micro orifice in left atrium. The nursing points are as follows：quickly improving pre-operative preparations,activating the emergency team of the cardiac special bank,and preparing equipment and items;during the operation,rapidly establishing extracorporeal circulation,strengthening the blood management,carrying out the phased temperature management,conducting active blood sugar management and clustered surgical infection management;management and psychological care of post-complication. The patient was well rehabilitated and discharged from the hospital 27 days after surgery.

Objective To compare the effect of the finger-ring test and the calf circumference on screening for sarcopenia in the elderly patients with multiple chronic conditions（MCCs）in the communities. Methods Convenience sampling method was used. From February to May 2022，330 elderly patients with MCCs in 15 communities in Zhengzhou City，Henan Province were selected and evaluated by finger-ring test and calf circumference respectively. Based on the diagnostic standard for sarcopenia proposed by Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia in 2019（AWGS 2019），we used SPSS26.0 software to calculate the sensitivity，specificity and predicted value. Receiver operating characteristic curve（ROC） was also drawn to calculate the area under curve（AUC）. Additionally，the optimal cut-of value for calf circumference screening tool was determined by calculating Youden index. Results Totally 320 elderly patients with MCCs were included；the incidence of sarcopenia was 20.63%；the incidences of sarcopenia obtained by the finger-ring test and calf circumference were 28.13% and 21.25%，respectively. The sensitivity of 2 screening tools in community sarcopenia were 68.2%，73.0%，while the specificity were 82.3%，80.0%. Additionally，the area under ROC were 0.752，0.810. The best cut-off for calf circumference was less than 34.5cm for men and less than 33.5cm for women. Conclusion Calf circumference is more sensitive and accurate in screening for sarcopenia in the elderly patients with MCCs in the community.

Objective To explore the relationship between mental pain,self-compassion and automatic thoughts in depressed patients. Methods A total of 263 depressed inpatients were selected and tested by the Chinese version of the Orbach & Mikulincer Mental Pain Scale（OMMP）,Self-Compassion Scale-Chinese Version（SCS-C）,Automatic Thought Questionnaire（ATQ） between 2020 and 2021 from a tertiary psychiatric hospital through convenient sampling. SPSS 25.0 was employed for Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis,and we selected the Model 4 of SPSS PROCESS for mediating effect analysis. Results Mental pain was significantly positively correlated with automatic thoughts（P<0.001） and negatively associated with self-compassion（P<0.001）. The results of Bootstrap test showed that the mediating effect of automatic thoughts on the relationship between self-compassion and mental pain was -0.274（95%CI：-0.356~-0.203）,accounting for 59.6% of the total effect. Conclusion The automatic thoughts play a partial mediating role on the relationship between self-compassion and mental pain in depressed patients. Based on this path of mental pain,nurses should actively constitute intervention plans,in order to achieve the final goal of decreasing the incidence rate of suicide or self-injury in patients with depression.

Objective To longitudinally investigate the characteristics of symptom clusters in patients with acute heart failure（AHF） from admission to vulnerable phase,in order to provide a basis for medical staff to implement targeted symptom management. Methods A prospective study design was adopted to facilitate the selection of 265 AHF patients hospitalized in the Cardiology Department of a tertiary hospital in Zhengzhou from November 2019 to November 2020. On the 3rd day of admission and the vulnerable phase（2 months after discharge,3 months after discharge）,the Chinese version of the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale-Heart Failure was used for investigation. Exploratory factor analysis was performed on the symptom incidence≥40% at 3 time points to extract the symptom clusters,and the statistical description was carried out. Results AHF patients had 4 symptom clusters on the 3rd day of admission,namely acute blood volume overload symptom cluster,psycho-emotional symptom cluster,fatigue symptom cluster,peripheral and lung congestion symptom cluster. There were 3 symptom clusters in 2 months after discharge,namely rest-related symptom cluster,heart and tissue ischemia symptom cluster,chest pain/tightness-tension symptom cluster. There were 3 symptom clusters in 3 months after discharge,namely psycho-emotional symptom cluster,sleep difficulty-dry mouth symptom cluster,and fatigue symptom cluster. Conclusion The symptom clusters of AHF patients show dynamic changes at different time points;fatigue symptoms appear steadily;the symptom clusters are relatively serious at admission. However,the symptom clusters in the vulnerable phase cannot be ignored. Medical staff can take targeted interventions according to the characteristics of the symptom clusters in different periods.

Objective To understand the current status and analyze the factors affecting the self-management motivation of patients recovering from nasopharyngeal carcinoma（NPC） after simultaneous radiotherapy. Methods From January to June 2021,223 patients who were followed up in the radiotherapy department of a tertiary A hospital in Nanning City during the recovery period after synchronous radiotherapy for NPC were selected as the study subjects. They were investigated using the General Information Questionnaire,Positivity Scale,Self-Regulation Fatigue Scale,and Disease Acceptance Scale,and the factors influencing the self-management positivity of patients during the recovery period after synchronous radiotherapy for NPC were analyzed using univariate analysis and multiple linear regression. Results The positivity score of patients in the recovery period after simultaneous radiotherapy for NPC was （59.78±13.58）,which was at a moderate level. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that patient literacy,self-regulation fatigue,and disease acceptance were factors influencing the self-management positivity of patients in the recovery period after simultaneous radiotherapy for NPC（P<0.05）. Conclusion There is an urgent need to focus on the current status of patient motivation during the recovery period after simultaneous radiotherapy for NPC. It is necessary to develop a systematic and effective intervention strategy for motivation during the recovery period,to take into account patients’ literacy,self-regulation fatigue,and disease acceptance in a comprehensive manner.

Objective To retrieve,evaluate and summarize the best evidence for the evaluation and prevention of pregnancy associated venous thromboembolism（PA-VTE）,so as to provide references for clinical management. Methods We searched the literature from the clinical decision-making system UpToDate,BMJ Best Practice,Embase,Springer Link and other websites or databases to collect relevant guidelines,systematic reviews,best practice information sheets,evidence summaries and expert consensuses. The search period was from January 2015 to May 2021,and 2 researchers conducted independent literature evaluation,and 4 researchers conducted evidence extraction,translation,and integration. Results A total of 11 articles were included,including 4 guidelines,1 clinical decision,3 expert consensuses,and 3 systematic reviews. 20 pieces of evidence were summarized from 7 aspects of PA-VTE assessment of risk factors,assessment timing,assessment tools,basic prevention,drug prevention,and health education. Conclusion This study summarizes the best evidence for the evaluation and prevention of PA-VTE. It is recommended to develop maternal VTE risk assessment tools that meet the national conditions,screen VTE risk factors and manage them in layers,and strengthen maternal VTE health education to achieve the goal of reducing the incidence of PA-VTE.

Myocarditis is a highly lethal immune adverse reaction associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors （ICIs）,and its diagnosis,treatment and nursing are complicated. This paper summarizes the nursing care of a patient with low-differentiated lung adenocarcinoma complicated with fulminant myocarditis who was treated with ICIs. The key points of nursing care include：monitoring and pre-evaluation of the condition,nursing care supported by ECMO,reducing the risk of infection aggravation,prevention and nursing care of complications,rehabilitation guidance and disease education. After 25 days of active treatment and careful nursing care,the patient’s condition improved and he was discharged smoothly. Telephone follow-up for 6 months showed good condition.

Training transfer refers to the application of specific behaviours learned from training to the actual work of trainees and the continued maintenance of the behaviour after a period of time. This paper reviewed the concept and common models of training transfer,and summarized the research progress on the influencing factors and implementation strategies of training transfer. Based on the training transfer model,we compared the problems in the process of training transfer of specialist nurses in China,and put forward preliminary suggestions to promote the effectiveness of training transfer of specialist nurses in China,including the urgent need to build a positive training transfer climate and reconstruct the migration design link,so as to provide references for furthers improving the effectiveness of training of specialist nurses in China.

Objective To translate the Psychosocial Risk Assessment in Pediatrics （PRAP） into the Chinese version,and to test its reliability and validity. Methods The Chinese version of PRAP was formed after translation and cultural adjustment authorized by the original author. 167 children from Children’s Hospital in Shanghai from March to May 2021 were selected by convenience sampling method to evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale. Results The Chinese version of PRAP included 8 items,namely temperament,anxiety and coping during healthcare context,past health experience,developmental impact,special needs,communication,invasive procedure/experience and parent/caregiver stress. The Cronbach’s α was 0.711 and the half reliability was 0.626;the inter rater reliability of 5 investigators showed that the Kendall coefficient was 0.963 and the chi square value was 43.325;the difference was statistically significant（P<0.001）. The content validity index of each item is 0.90~1.00. The average content validity index of the scale is 0.95. There were 3 common factors being extracted by exploratory factor analysis,and the cumulative variance contribution rate is 62.686%. Conclusion The Chinese version of PRAP has good reliability and validity,and it can be used as an evaluation tool to evaluate the psychosocial risks of pediatric patients regarding to medical procedure in China.

Objective The research aims to develop and apply clinical nursing skills training software to explore new methodology in clinical nursing practice. Methods Based on the gamified learning theory,combined with integrations of knowledge concerning clinical nursing skills,a mobile teaching software compatible with a variety of operating system was developed. The software was divided into 2 ports,consisting of 6 modules,covering 13 clinical nursing skills operations. All undergraduate students majoring in nursing,who took internships in 2 hospital districts labeled as A and B of an affiliated hospital of university in Qingdao from May to July in 2020,were selected as research subjects by cluster sampling,with 276 students in district A as the experimental group and 293 students in district B as the control group. The experimental group was trained by the game software for clinical nursing skills training on the basis of traditional teaching approaches,while the control group was only implemented with traditional teaching means. The performance evaluations of clinical skills between the 2 groups were compared separately before-post and after two-month internships. Degrees of satisfaction of teachers and students in the experimental group was investigated after using the software for 2 months. Results The average evaluation scores of 13 clinical skill operations in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group after two-month internships（P<0.001）,and the mean scores of 13 clinical skills operations in the experimental group were also considerably higher than those before-post（P<0.001）. Student satisfaction with the whole software ran at 94.81% and teacher satisfaction achieved 91.33%. Conclusion The application of the software could effectively enhance training outcomes of clinical skills for students and profoundly enrich the methodology of teaching clinical nursing skills. The software was rated highly by students and teachers from all and each dimensions.

Objective To investigate the influencing factors of filter rupture in membrane-based therapeutic plasma exchange（mTPE） for neurological diseases. Methods A retrospective study was conducted to collect the clinical data of 196 cases of mTPE in 42 patients admitted to the department of Neurology in a tertiary hospital from January 2018 to May 2020. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the risk factors for membrane rupture of the filter. Transmembrane pressure was used as a predictive indicator,and data of 35 plasma exchanges from June 2020 to October 2020 was collected for clinical verification and the best cut-off of transmembrane pressure was analyzed. Results Filter rupture occurred in 19（9.69%） cases of the 196 cases of mTPE. Logistic regression analysis showed that transmembrane pressure（OR=1.192） was an independent risk factor for filter rupture in（mTPE）（P<0.05）.The area under ROC curve（AUC） was 0.977 and 95%CI were 0.952~1.000（P<0.01）. According to the maximum Youden index value of 0.839,the optimal cut-off value of transmembrane pressure was 50 mmHg;the sensitivity was 89.5%;the specificity was 94.4%. With 50 mmHg as the cut-off value,the verification results showed that the sensitivity was 100%;the specificity was 91.42%;the accuracy was 91.42%. Conclusion The transmembrane pressure has a good predictive effect on filter rupture in mTPE. The clinical transmembrane pressure is maintained below 50 mmHg to prevent the filter rupture.

Objective To summarize the evidence for the prevention of fecal incontinence associated dermatitis in ICU patients and to evaluate its application effect. Methods To obtain the best evidence,we used the method of evidence-based nursing to search related guidelines,expert consensuses and systematic reviews from domestic and foreign databases from January 2010 to September 2019. The best evidence was evaluated and summarized;review indicators were developed;the baseline review was conducted,and facilitation and obstacles based on the review results were analyzed. From May to September in 2020,the evidence was applied to clinical practice,and the incidence of incontinence associated dermatitis,nurses’ cognitive level of incontinence associated dermatitis knowledge and the implementation rate of review items were compared before and after the application of evidence-based practice. Results Finally,8 articles were included,including 3 clinical practice guidelines,2 expert consensuses and 3 systematic reviews. 11 pieces of best evidence were summarized in terms of risk assessment and prevention strategies. After evidence-based practice,the incidence of incontinence associated dermatitis was 19.10%,which was lower than that before evidence-based practice （40.48%） with statistically significant differences（P<0.05）;the score of nurses on incontinence associated dermatitis knowledge questionnaire was（42.35±5.77）,which was higher than that before evidence-based practice （35.65±5.07）,and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.001）. The implementation rates of items 2,4,5,6 increased from 0,0,66.67% and 22.62% to 100%,84.27%,97.75% and 76.40%,and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.001）. Conclusion The application of evidence-based practice in the prevention of fecal incontinence related dermatitis in ICU patients can reduce the incidence of incontinence associated dermatitis,improve nurses’ cognitive level and the implementation compliance.

Objective The purpose is to translate the Quality of Discharge Teaching Scale-New Mother Form（OB-QDTS）,and to test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the scale and to evaluate the feasibility of applying this scale in the field of domestic science. Methods According to the Brislin model to translate and back-translate the original English version,the Chinese version of the scale was determined after cultural adjustment and pretesting on the scale. According to the survey criteria,195 postpartum mothers in Qingdao were selected to evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale from October 2019 to January 2020. Results The Chinese scale retains 27 items,and 2 common factors were extracted after exploratory factor analysis. The cumulative variance contribution rate reached 69.562%. The item-level content validity index of the Chinese OB-QDTS is 0.83~1.00;the scale-level content validity index is 0.96;the Cronbach’s α coefficient of the total table is 0.953;the split-half reliability is 0.889.Conclusion The Chinese version of OB-QDTS has good reliability and validity,and it can be used to evaluate the quality of postpartum mothers discharge guidance in the context of Chinese culture.

This paper reviews the development of public health nurses（PHN） in the United Kingdom,the United States and China,and summarizes the development characteristics of PHN from the aspects of role origin,core competence training,qualification accreditation,practice scope and workplace. PHN improve population health by emphasizing prevention and promotion of health behaviors,and their work contents include 5 functional modules and 17 intervention measures. The enlightenment of domestic nursing education is that training PHN is an important measure to meet the needs of public health,and the development of PHN needs the support of the government,academic organizations,educators and so on.

Objective To explore the relationship between stigma,social support and care burden of primary caregivers of patients with schizophrenia. Methods The primary caregivers of 455 hospitalized patients with schizophrenia were investigated by a self-compiled general information questionnaire,Zairt Caregiver Burden Interview,Perceived Detraction-Discrimination Scale and Social Support Rating Scale. Results Stigma was a significantly positive predictor of caregiver burden（B=1.592,P<0.001）. It was also a significant predictor of social support（B=-1.506,P<0.001）. Stigma had a significantly indirect effect on the burden of care for primary caregivers of schizophrenics through social support,and the 95% confidence interval was[0.340~1.076],which showed that the mediating effect of social support accounts for 42.4% of the total effect. Conclusion Nurses should develop intervention strategies based on pathways that affect the burden of care to reduce the level of stigma of primary caregivers,provide more social support,and reduce the burden on caregivers.

Objective To retrieve,appraise and summarize the best evidence of medication management in patients with swallowing disorders. Methods Using the method of evidence-based nursing for swallowing disorders patients,the problem of standard management of taking medicine was put forward. Evidence-based nursing methods were used to search UpToDate,BMJ,JBI,Cochrane Library,Ontario Registered Nurses Association of Canada,British National Institute of Clinical Medicine Guide Library,Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network,National Guideline Clearinghouse,Guidelines International Network,Canadian Medical Association,American Heart Association/American Stroke Association,PubMed,CINAHL,UK NEWT website,Chinese Biology Medical literature database,Yimaitong,China Knowledge Network and other databases including all relevant documents from the date of database establishment to January 2021,covering clinical recommended practice,guideline,evidence summary,systems evaluation,expert consensus. The retrieved literature was evaluated by 3 researchers,and the literature that met the quality standards was extracted for evidence. Results A total of 12 pieces of literature were included,including 2 clinical decisions,2 guidelines,6 evidence summaries,and 2 expert consensused. The best evidence was summarized in 8 areas,including education and training of health care personnel,pre-medication screening and evaluation,multidisciplinary collaboration,compensatory methods,selection of oral solid dosage forms,administration of crushing drugs,gastrointestinal nutrition tube administration,and monitoring and recording of medication effects. Conclusion This study summarized the evidence of the normative management of medication for patients with swallowing disorders,so as to provide evidence-based bases for medical institutions to establish the practice standard of medication procedures for patients with swallowing disorders,and to ensure the safety of medication for patients.

Objective To investigate the effects of nasogastric tube（NGT） indwelling on postoperative pulmonary complications（PPCs） and prognosis in patients with cardiovascular surgery,in order to reduce PPCs and improve the patients’ prognoses. Methods Retrospective data of patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery in a tertiary hospital in Wuhan from July 2018 to November 2019 was conducted. The baseline data of patients in 2 groups were matched using a propensity score analysis. Results 316 patients were successfully matched,with 158 patients in the nasogastric tube indwelling group and 158 patients in the non-indwelling group. Compared with the patients in the NGT group without indwelling,the incidence of pulmonary infection,atelectasis,pneumothorax and respiratory failure was higher in the NGT group;the length of stay in the hospital and the length of stay in ICU were longer;the outcome was poor,with statistically significant differences（P<0.05）. Conclusion NGT indwelling is associated with the occurrence of pulmonary complications in patients with cardiovascular surgery,and it might prolong the length of stay and affect patient’s outcome.

Objective To explore the multifactorial model of kinessiophobia in patients with total knee arthroplasty,and to provide a reference for the intervention of kinessiophobia. Methods From December 2019 to September 2020,494 patients with knee arthroplasty in a tertiary hospital of Henan province were investigated with the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale（K10）,Self-rating Depression Scale,Type D Personality Scale-14,Pain Catastrophizing Scale and Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia. Results The incidence of panic disorder was 38.2%,and the model data was well-fitted. Pain disaster depression has a direct positive effect on kinessiophobia（β=0.461,P<0.001）;depression has a direct and indirect positive effect on kinessiophobia（β=0.162,P<0.001;β=0.063,P<0.001）,and Type D personality and stress level have an indirect positive effect on kinessiophobia（β=0.144,P<0.001;β=0.186,P<0.001）. Conclusion The incidence of kinessiophobia is high. Researchers and clinicians should pay attention to the impact of patients’ pain catastrophe,psychological condition,personality and stress level on their kinessiophobia,and take measures to help the patients for improving their rehabilitation outcome after total knee arthroplasty.

The information needs of patients with assisted reproductive therapy mainly include 6 aspects,namely disease treatment,treatment guidance,treatment progress,physical adaptation,medical support and social psychology. We summarize the information needs of patients with assisted reproductive technology（ART）. Moreover,we review the application of health education given by specialist nurses,the information supported by peers and other patients,as well as the interactive health information communication model. We expect that it could provide some references to develop the multiform ways of information support for patients with ART.

Objective To explore the effect of the design and application of auditory hallucination self-management records for patients with schizophrenia. Methods The auditory hallucination self-management records for schizophrenia patients is composed of three parts: table head, items and remarks. A convenient sampling method was adopted to select two male wards and two female ones from adult psychiatric department in a tertiary psychiatric hospital in Jiangsu Province. The two wards in the experimental group and the control group were taken randomly by flipping a coin based on the gender differences. 20 cases admitted in hospital from January 2017 to December 2018 from each ward were conveniently selected. A total of 80 cases of hospitalized patients with schizophrenia and their main caregivers were selected. The control group received conventional drug therapy,nursing and management of auditory hallucination. On the basis of the intervention in the control group,patients in the experimental group were given the extra of auditory hallucination self-management record sheets to guide patients for self-management. The results and effects of two groups were compared before intervention,at one month,three months,and six months after the intervention. Results 34 patients in the experimental group and 30 patients in the control group completed the study. There were no significant differences in the scales of Positive and Negative Syndrome（PANSS）（anxiety,tension,preemption）,impulsive behavior risk assessment scale and medication adherence rating scale between the two groups before intervention（P>0.05）. The scales of PANSS（anxiety,tension,preemption）,impulsive behavior risk assessment scale and medication adherence scores of the two groups were statistically significant after intervention（P<0.05）. With the extension of the intervention time,the scales of PANSS（anxiety,tension,preemption）and impulsive behavior risk assessment scales of the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group,and the medication adherence rating scale was significantly higher than those in the control group. These differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion Management of patients with schizophrenia by auditory hallucination self-management record sheet can effectively identify,cope with and manage auditory hallucinations and alleviate the impact of auditory hallucinations on their mood and behavior.

Objective To explore modes and effects of emergency nursing management in isolation wards for coronavirus disease 2019（COVID-19） in a general hospital under a joint rescue model. Methods A joint rescue model was carried out in fever wards at a COVID-19 designated hospital in Wuhan after evaluating the wards environment,medical situation,patients’ conditions and the structure of nursing staff. By restructuring the three-level responsibility system of nursing management,COVID-19 wards were reorganized by rapid screening and isolation of suspected patients; advantageous complementarities in nursing schedule,multi-mode standardized training,double insurance of oxygen supplier for patients during oxygen therapy,seamless supervision on hospital infection prevention,emphasis on physical and mental health of nursing staff were conducted. Results With the close cooperation of medical staff,the joint rescue and support model has been carried out smoothly. 97 cases with COVID-19 were treated in wards from January 27 to March 15th,2020; 84 cases（86.59%） were cured and discharged; 1 patient died（1.03%）. There was no nosocomial infection and cross infection among medical staff. Conclusion Amid the COVID-19 epidemic,the number of confirmed cases has risen sharply,while nurses of respiratory and critical care specialty were in shortage in reorganized hospitals. The implementation of the joint rescue model can achieve human resources support and professional technical support,improve the hospital conditions and deficiency of oxygen,increase the cure rate,avoid nosocomial infection,and promote physical and mental health of nursing staff.

Objective To determine the prevalence and risk factors of subsyndromal delirium （SSD） in adult intensive care unit patients by systematically reviewing evidence. Methods PubMed,Embase,PsycINFO,Cochrane Library,CBM,CNKI,VIP and Wanfang were searched from inception to 2019 for potentially relevant articles. Stata 14.0 software was used to analyze the prevalence of subsyndromal delirium with a single group meta-analysis. Fixed-effect or random-effect models were used to merge data. Begg rank correlation and funnel plot were used to determine publication bias. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors. Results 13 studies（5396 ICU patients） were included. The combined prevalence of subsyndromal delirium was 36.9%[95%CI（0.22~0.52）]. Subgroup analysis showed that the prevalence of subsyndromal syndrome was higher in women,elderly ICU and patients Asia. Possible risk factors included age,severity of diseases,cognitive impairment,and drug sedation. Conclusion There is a certain prevalence of subsyndromal delirium in ICU patients（36.9%）. Age,underlying diseases,cognitive impairment,and drug sedation are possible risk factors. However,the overall sample size of the study is not large and the quality of the study is quite poor. It is suggested that large-sample multi-centered studies should be carried out in future to further explore the prevalence and risk factors of subsyndromal delirium in ICU patients.

Objective To develop a Gout Patient Self-management Scale and to test its reliability and validity. Methods Based on self-management theory,literature review and semi-structured interview,the provisional Gout Patient Self-management Assessment Scale was formed by Delphi technique and pilot investigation. Totally 260 gout patients were recruited to perform the item analysis for the provisional scale. Other 317 gout patients were investigated to test the reliability and validity of the final scale. Results The Gout Patient Self-management Assessment Scale consisted of 41 items in 4 dimensions. The Cronbach’s α coefficient of the total scale was 0.962;split-half reliability coefficient was 0.842;2-week test-retest reliability was 0.904. 4 common factors were extracted by exploratory analysis and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 60.779%. The content validity index（S-CVI） of the total scale was 0.905. Conclusion The Gout Patient Self-management Assessment Scale is a reliable and valid scale for measuring the self-management ability of gout patients.